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Here's an idea I had for electronic voting in the U.S. Any flaws?
I see a system where people can vote for their candidates in local, state and federal elections, while also providing multiple layers of security and “verified” votes. Ideally, this would also be used in conjunction with ranked voting. We’ll use the democratic primary as an example and have two types of voters, smartphone voters and non-smart phone voters.
For smartphone voters, people would have an app on their phone that would allow them to vote for a democratic candidate and submit that vote to a government voting server from their phone, that vote could be changed from early voting up to 2 hours before the last voting poll closes in the area. The server would record that vote and it’s history, but in addition to that, the app would work in conjunction with the Apple Wallet or the Android Wallet system to provide a digital voter card that would have a record of not only that vote, but all previous votes and elections. This NFC digital card would also be accompanied by a physical NFC voter card. This would ensure that the vote is available on a digital device for easy access and record keeping, as well as an offline device, their NFC voter card, in case the US voting servers were compromised. On Election Day, voters that have already voted using their smart phone can take their phone’s NFC and/or their physical NFC voter card and go to a polling station. There, they can tap either their card or phone on an NFC device that would display all their final decisions and allow them to submit it once more. Taping the NFC card would pull the data from the voting server and record it on the card, ensuring that the offline record is kept, tapping the phone would just send the data again to the voting servers for verification. After confirming, an attached printer would then create a physical record at the polling location for another layer of record keeping. Think of it as a Square terminal checkout. This vote would also convert from a regular vote to a verified vote and could no longer be changed. If a recount is demanded, the certified votes would provide a layer of confidence and reduce the votes that need to be certified. The remaining un-verified votes could be certified by having the smartphone only voters go into a physical polling location and perform the certification process. In my view, this would reduce the number of hours needed to certify an election or re-count as well as provide ease of mind when moving towards digital voting. This would provide 2-4 layers or record keeping; smartphone NFC and the servers, and if they vote at a polling location, physical NFC card and/or a physical print out.
For non-smartphone users or those that don’t want to use the app to vote, they could user their physical voter NFC card to vote on a machine, send their vote to the servers, record that vote on their card and provide the polling location a printed vote. This would still provide 3 layers of record keeping; physical NFC card, the servers and a physical print out.
Some other notes, ID verification and voter registration could also take place on this app. It would theoretically be possible to use the blockchain as another layer of redundancy, either in conjunction with the servers or in place of them. You could theoretically keep adding more layers or redundancy; text receipt confirmation (like square), 2FactorAuthentication, spot checking paper ballots, etc
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