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💡 Newskategorie: Programmierung
🔗 Quelle: dev.to
Here is a cheat sheet for
mongodb
Basic Idea
Database: A container of collection.Collection: Grouping of documents insida of a database. Similar tables in SQL.Document: A record inside of a collection. Similar to row in SQL.Field: A key value pair within a document. Similar to column in SQL.
Basic commands
mongosh: A JavaScript shell for interacting with MongoDB instances. It provides a command-line interface (CLI) that allows you to connect to a MongoDB server.show dbs: Shows all databases in the current MongoDB instance.use <dbname>: Switch database provided by dbname.db: Shows current database name.show collections: Shows all collections.db.dropDatabase(): Deletes the current database.exit: Exits the mongosh session.
Create
insertOne: Creates a document within the specified collection.
db.users.insertOne({ name: “Arafat” })
// Create a document with the name of Arafat into the users collection
insertMany: Creates multiple documents within the specified collection.
db.users.insertMany([{ name: “John” }, { age: “Roy” }])
// Create two documents with the name John and Roy into the users collection
Read
find: Get all documents.
db.users.find()
find(<filterObject>): Find all documents based on the filter object
db.users.find({ name: “Arafat” })
// Get all users with the name Arafat
db.users.find({ “address.street”: “434 Lund Sweden” })
// Get all users whose adress field has a street field with the value 434 Lund Sweden
find(<filterObject>, <selectObject>): Find all documents that match the filter object but only return the field specified in the select object
db.users.find({ name: “Arafat” }, { name: 1, hobby: 1 })
// Get all users with the name Arafat but only return their name, hobby, and _id
db.users.find({}, { hobby: 0 })
// Get all users and return all fields except for hobby
findOne: Returns the first document that matches the filter object.
db.users.findOne({ name: “Arafat” })
// Get the first user with the name Arafat
countDocuments: Returns the count of the documents that match the filter object.
db.users.countDocuments({ name: “Arafat” })
// Get the number of users with the name Arafat
Update
updateOne: Updates the first document.
db.users.updateOne({ name: "Arafat" }, { $set: { name: "Theo" } })
// Update the first user with a name of Arafat to the name of Theo
updateMany: Updates multiple docments.
db.users.updateMany({ age: 16 }, { $inc: { age: 6 } })
// Update all users with an age of 16 by adding 6 to their age
replaceOne: Replace the first document. This
will completely overwrite the entire object and not just
update individual fields.
db.users.replaceOne({ age: 12 }, { age: 13 })
// Replace the first user with an age of 12 with an object that has the age of 13 as its only field
Delete
deleteOne: Delete a single document from a collection.
db.users.deleteOne({ name: "Arafat" })
// Delete the first user with an name of Arafat
deleteMany: Delete multiple documents from a collection.
db.users.deleteMany({ age: 26 })
// Delete all users with an age of 26
Complex Filter Object
$eq: equals.
db.users.find({ name: { $eq: “Arafat” } })
// Get all the users with the name Arafat
$ne: not equal to.
db.users.find({ name: { $ne: “Arafat” } })
// Get all users with a name other than Kyle
$gt / $gte: Greater than and greater than or eqal.
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 26 } })
// Get all users with an age greater than 26
db.users.find({ age: { $gte: 34 } })
// Get all users with an age greater than or equal to 34
$lt / $lte: Less than and less than or eqal.
db.users.find({ age: { $lt: 26 } })
// Get all users with an age less than 26
db.users.find({ age: { $lte: 34 } })
// Get all users with an age less than or equal to 34
$in: Check if a value is one of many values.
db.users.find({ name: { $in: [“Roy”, “Leo”] } })
// Get all users with a name of Roy or Leo
$nin: Check if a value is none of many values.
db.users.find({ name: { $nin: [“Roy”, “Leo”] } })
// Get all users that do not have the name Roy or Leo
$and: Returns true if all expressions are true
db.users.find({ $and: [{ age: 6 }, { name: “Arafat” }] })
// Get all users that have an age of 6 and the name Arafat
db.users.find({ age: 6, name: “Arafat” })
// Alternative way to do same thing
$or: returns true if any expression is true
db.users.find({ $or: [{ age: 6 }, { name: “Arafat” }] })
// Get all users that have an age of 6 or the name Arafat
$not: Negates the expression
db.users.find({ name: { $not: { $eq: “Arafat” } } })
Get all users with a name other than Arafat
$exists: Matches documents that have the specified field.
db.users.find({ name: { $exists: true } })
// Returns all users that have a name field
$expr: performs an expression evaluation in the query.
db.users.find({ $expr: { $gt: [“$balance”, “$debt”] } })
// Get all users that have a balance that is greater than their debt
Complex Update Object
$set: Updates only the fields passed to $set.
db.users.updateOne({ age: 12 }, { $set: { name: “Roy” } })
// Update the name of the first user with the age of 12 to the value Roy
$inc: Increments the value of a field by a specified amount.
db.users.updateOne({ debt: 200 }, { $inc: { debt: 100 } })
// Add 100 to the debt of the first user with the debt of 200
db.users.updateOne({ debt: 200 }, { $inc: { debt: -100 } })
// Remove 100 from the debt of the first user with the debt of 200
$rename: Rename a field
db.users.updateMany({}, { $rename: { loss: “Profit” } })
// Rename the field loss to profit for all users
$unset: Remove a field.
db.users.updateOne({ age: 26 }, { $unset: { age: "" } })
// Remove the age field from the first user with an age of 26
$push: Adds new elements to an array
db.users.updateMany({}, { $push: { enemy: “Ria” } })
// Add Ria to the enemy array for all users
$pull: Rmoves all array elements that match a specified condition.
db.users.updateMany({}, { $pull: { enemy: “Arafat” } })
// Remove Mike from the friends array for all users
Modifiers for read
sort: Sort the results of a find by the given fields.
db.users.find().sort({ debt: 1, balance: -1 })
// Returns all users sorted by name in alphabetical order and then if any duplicated names exits, sorts by age in reverse order.
limit: Returns a specified number of documents.
db.users.find().limit(5)
// Returns the first 5 users
skip: Skip a specified number of documents from the start.
db.users.find().skip(7)
// Skip the first 7 users when returning results. Freat for pagination when combined with limit.