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💡 Newskategorie: Programmierung
🔗 Quelle: dev.to
You can now comment on blog posts on Coding with Jesse! I turned off comments years ago, because I was getting tons of spam. But recently, with my return to social media, I decided to integrate Mastodon to give people a way to comment on and interact with my articles.
Initially, I wasn't sure how I would accomplish this. Mastodon has a ton of servers, and Mastodon search can only search for hashtags, so how would I know whether someone commented on my article? And how would I integrate it into my website?
I looked around at how some other blogs were handling this, and came across Webmentions, and particularly, Webmention.io. It's a web standard for communicating interactions across web servers! Perfect!
I naively assumed that Mastodon would automatically hit my server with notifications any time someone favourited, boosted or replied to a post that contained a link to my site. But alas, Mastodon doesn't do that for privacy reasons (understandably).
Fortunately, I'm not the first one to run into this problem, and so there's a free service available that solves this problem. If you sign up for brid.gy, you can link your social media accounts, including Mastodon, and brid.gy will automatically send webmentions to your site whenever one of your posts contains a link to your site, and people reply to, boost or favourite your post. Essentially, your Mastodon posts become an anchor for all the interactions on your blog posts.
With these two services in hand, here's how you can integrate Mastodon into your website the way I did:
1. Sign in to webmention.io.
You need to sign in with your website URL, and your GitHub account. Also, your blog needs to link to that GitHub profile with either <a href="https://github.com/jesseskinner" rel="me"> or <link href="https://github.com/jesseskinner" rel="me">, to prove that you own the site.
2. Add webmention tags to your blog
When you sign in, go to https://webmention.io/settings. Under Setup, you'll see these two link tags:
<link rel="webmention" href="https://webmention.io/username/webmention" />
<link rel="pingback" href="https://webmention.io/username/xmlrpc" />
Copy these and paste them into the <head> on your blog. These will tell other services (like brid.gy) where they need to send webmentions for your posts.
3. Link your Mastodon account on brid.gy
Go to fed.brid.gy and, if you're like me, you'll want to click on "Cross-post to a Mastodon account", so that it'll integrate with your existing Mastodon account.
4. Post a link to a blog post on Mastodon
Try linking to your most recent blog post on Mastodon. If you already did this some time ago, brid.gy will scan your posts looking for links. You can also feed it a URL to a specific Mastodon post so that it will discover it.
Brid.gy will periodically poll your account looking for new interactions on these posts, and will send any new favourites, boosts or replies to webmention.io.
Note that your post doesn't count as a webmention - only the interactions on that post do. But you can reply to your own post as a way to trigger a webmention.
When I was setting this up, I was logged into both brid.gy and webmention.io, clicking the "Poll now" button on brid.gy and eagerly looking for interactions to show up. You have to have some patience here as well, as both services have a bit of a delay.
Once you see some mentions show up on webmention.io, you're ready to render them onto your blog.
5. Add the webmentions onto your website
Here's the trickier part. You'll need to hit the webmention.io API and fetch the mentions for your blog post. You can do this server-side, if you want. My blog is static, so I needed to do this client side.
Since the results are paginated, you can only get back 100 at a time. I wrote this function to help me retrieve all the pages at once, and sort the results into chronological order:
async function getMentions(url) {
let mentions = [];
let page = 0;
let perPage = 100;
while (true) {
const results = await fetch(
`https://webmention.io/api/mentions.jf2?target=${url}&per-page=${perPage}&page=${page}`
).then((r) => r.json());
mentions = mentions.concat(results.children);
if (results.children.length < perPage) {
break;
}
page++;
}
return mentions.sort((a, b) => ((a.published || a['wm-received']) < (b.published || b['wm-received']) ? -1 : 1));
}
Then, I used the results of this to pull out four things: the favourites, boosts, replies, and also a link to the original post where I can send other visitors to my blog if they want to "Discuss this article on Mastodon". Here's how that looks:
let link;
let favourites;
let boosts;
let replies;
const mentions = await getMentions(url);
if (mentions.length) {
link = mentions
// find mentions that contain my Mastodon URL
.filter((m) => m.url.startsWith('https://toot.cafe/@JesseSkinner/'))
// take the part before the hash
.map(({ url }) => url.split('#')[0])
// take the first one
.shift();
// use the wm-property to make lists of favourites, boosts & replies
favourites = mentions.filter((m) => m['wm-property'] === 'like-of');
boosts = mentions.filter((m) => m['wm-property'] === 'repost-of');
replies = mentions.filter((m) => m['wm-property'] === 'in-reply-to');
}
Of course, you should replace the link to my profile with the link to your own. I'm taking the first mention (after sorting chronologically) that is interacting with one of my posts, and linking to that post URL.
With those in hand, you'll have everything you need to render the replies, boosts and favourites to your blog. My approach was to render just the avatars of everyone who boosted or favourited my post, and all the replies.
One thing to watch out for is that the content of each reply is HTML. To be safe (paranoid), I'm running the HTML through sanitize-html to make sure nobody can inject sketchy HTML into my site.
6. Allow people to share posts without mentions
For any posts that don't have any mentions, I added a different button, "Share this on Mastodon". When you click it, it runs this code, which prompts you for your Mastodon server (inspired by Advent of Code's share functionality):
const server = prompt('Mastodon Instance / Server Name?');
if (server) {
// test if server looks like a domain
if (!server.match(/^[a-z0-9-]+\.[a-z0-9-]+$/)) {
alert('Invalid server name');
return;
}
const text = `"${post.title}" by @JesseSkinner@toot.cafe\n\n${url}`;
window.open(`https://${server}/share?text=${encodeURIComponent(text)}`);
}
Yay for Mastodon comments!
I'm really happy with how this turned out. To add some placeholders on my old blog posts, I posted some links to some of the more recent posts, so they interactions would have a place to live. For the older posts, I'm just relying on the share functionality.
I'm considering implementing some server-side functionality to replace either webmention.io or brid.gy in the future, so that the mentions live in my database instead of relying on a third-party service that may disappear one day. I think I could also skip the webmentions process by associating a Mastodon post URL with each blog post, and then using the Mastodon API of my server to periodically check for interactions and replies. Or maybe it could log in to my server and listen for notifications. But for now, this works really well.
So from now on, whenever I write a new blog post, like this one, I'm sure to share in on Mastodon and give a place for readers to ask questions or discuss the article. Check the end of this blog post to see how it all looks, and be sure to favourite, boost or reply to my Mastodon post so that you show up on the page as well!
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