🔧 [System Design] GPS Location Ingestion at Scale: gRPC Streaming, MQTT & Kalman Filter in Ride-Hailing

The Challenge: Millions of Drivers, Every 4 Seconds


Answer-first: Uber and Grab handle 1.25 million GPS write operations per second from ~5 million active drivers. HTTP REST fails at this scale due to per-request TCP+TLS handshake overhead. The solution is persistent connections (gRPC streams or MQTT) with Protobuf serialization, Kalman Filter...