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BigTransfer (BiT): State-of-the-art transfer learning for computer vision

↗ Quelle (blog.tensorflow.org)
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In this article, we'll walk you through using BigTransfer (BiT), a set of pre-trained image models that can be transferred to obtain excellent performance on new datasets, even with only a few examples per class.
are a current industry standard for extracting representations of images. With our and as TensorFlow2 SavedModels that you can use easily as Keras Layers. There are a variety of sizes ranging from a standard ResNet50 to a ResNet152x4 (152 layers deep, 4x wider than a typical ResNet50) for users with larger computational and memory budgets but higher accuracy requirements.
Table 1: Downstream resizing and random cropping details. If images are larger, we resize them to a larger fixed size to benefit from fine-tuning on higher resolution.
count example: Here the task is to count the number of small cylinders or red objects in the image. We would not apply a random crop since that may crop out objects we would like to count, but we apply a random horizontal flip since that doesn’t change the number of objects we care about in the image (and thus does not change the label). Image attribution: (Zhang et. al., 2018, illustrated in Figure 4) according to the dataset size (Table 2).
Table 2: Details on downstream schedule length and when we use MixUp.
We determined these hyperparameter heuristics based on empirical results. We explain our method and describe our results in more detail in our .

1) Load the pre-trained BiT model

You can download one of our BiT models pre-trained on ImageNet-21k from . Loading them is very simple:
PYTHON
import tensorflow_hub as hub
# Load model from TFHub into KerasLayer
model_url = "https://tfhub.dev/google/bit/m-r50x1/1"
module = hub.KerasLayer(model_url)
2) Use BiT out-of-the-box

If you don’t yet have labels for your images (or just want to have some fun), you may be interested in using the model out-of-the-box, i.e. without fine-tuning it. For this, we will use a model fine-tuned on ImageNet so it has the interpretable , you can load an image from an URL and see what the model predicts:
PYTHON
> show_preds(preds, image[0])
Here the pre-trained model on ImageNet correctly classifies the photo as an elephant.It is also more likely to be an Indian as opposed to an African elephant because of the size of its ears. In the colab, we also predict on an image from the dataset we're going to fine-tune on, . Note that the correct label ‘tulip’ is not a class in ImageNet and so the model cannot predict that at the moment - let’s see what it tries to do instead:
.
PYTHON
# Define optimiser and loss

# Decay learning rate by factor of 10 at SCHEDULE_BOUNDARIES.
lr = 0.003
SCHEDULE_BOUNDARIES = [200, 300, 400, 500]
lr_schedule = tf.keras.optimizers.schedules.PiecewiseConstantDecay(boundaries=SCHEDULE_BOUNDARIES,
values=[lr, lr*0.1, lr*0.001, lr*0.0001])
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.SGD(learning_rate=lr_schedule, momentum=0.9)
To fine-tune the model, we use the simple Keras model.fit API:
PYTHON
loss_fn = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
model.compile(optimizer=optimizer,
loss=loss_fn,
metrics=['accuracy'])

# Fine-tune model
model.fit(
pipeline_train,
batch_size=512,
steps_per_epoch=10,
epochs=50,
validation_data=pipeline_test)
We see that our model attains 95% validation accuracy within 20 steps, and attains over 98% validation accuracy after fine-tuning using BiT-HyperRule.
4) Save the fine-tuned model for later use
It is easy to save your model to use later on. You can then load your saved model in exactly the same way as we loaded the BiT models at the start.
PYTHON
# Save fine-tuned model as SavedModel
export_module_dir = '/tmp/my_saved_bit_model/'
tf.saved_model.save(model, export_module_dir)

# Load saved model
saved_module = hub.KerasLayer(export_module_dir, trainable=True)


  • BigTransfer (BiT) paper
  • Vollständiger Original-Bericht
    Ausführliche Details, Code-Beispiele & Hersteller-Stellungnahme auf blog.tensorflow.org.
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