To keep things simple. The Free and Open source AMD GPU (AMDGPU + MESA) will often not work pro workloads as the OpenCL implementation is not supported. You instead require to implement AMDROCM or AMDGPUPRO drivers from AMD's website. These drivers are not open source, trickier to install, and only supports a hand full of distros.
There is an opensource implementation of OpenCL that the OSS drivers can use(openCL-MESA) but most pro software does not support it.
For example, Blender3D and Davinci Resolve are common professional software that many Linux content creators use. Yet, neither of them will work with AMDGPU driver. Blender will refuse to use OpenCL GPU rendering while Resolve will not launch due to unsupported OpenGL driver.
Nvidia drivers on the other hand come with the supported implementation of CUDA/OpenCL which will work out of the box in pro-workloads. Due to its popularity, it is extremely easy to install the driver on most distros and generslly perform much better than AMD's counterparts.
You are forced to use the propreitary driver, but since AMDGPUPRO is also propreiatary, it isn't much of a loss is it.
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