Key Exchange
How the keys are exchanged.
Example :DH,DHE (Diffie Hillman Ephamarel 1.e short lived), ADH(Anonymous DH), ECDHE (Eliptic curve ), RSA
Authentication
This is digital signature algorithm. This is needed to confirm if the client is sending to the correct server. Server sends the certificate back to the client (That certificate contains the public key).
Examples : RSA, ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm )
Bulk Encryption Cipher
It is used to encrypt the data being sent.
There are 2 kinds of Bult Ciphers:
- Stream Cipher: A stream cipher, which operates on data 1 byte at a time, converts a key to a keystream to encrypt data and produce ciphertext. The remote end converts the shared key to the same keystream and decrypts the plaintext data.
- Block Cipher: A block cipher operates on data in groups (or blocks) of bytes. Stream ciphers perform better than block ciphers. However, block ciphers provide better security. DES (56-bit), Triple-Data Encryption Standard (TDES) (168-bit), and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) are the most common block ciphers. DES and TDES operate on blocks of 8 bytes at a time. AES operates on blocks of 16 bytes at a time. _Example: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). _ Refer
Hash or MAC
MAC (Message Authentication Code) : This is to verify the legitimacy of data sent. This is to make sure message sent is not altered or tamperd and data integrity is maintained.
Refer
_Example : SHA, MD5 _
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