The FBI is warning the public about sexual exploitation actors illegally accessing social media and personal accounts to steal explicit images and videos from adult and underage victims. The stolen material, also known as non-consensual intimate images (NCII), is being posted or sold on criminal marketplaces, often without the victim's knowledge.
According to the FBI, these actors use social engineering and cyber intrusion tactics to target specific individuals or general targets of opportunity. After gaining access to accounts, they steal explicit content and share it through community forums or illicit marketplaces.
The FBI said personally identifiable information, including a victim's name, date of birth, email address, phone number and social media username, is often posted alongside the stolen material. This can expose victims to continued harassment and re-victimization.
How Sexual Exploitation Actors Access Accounts
The FBI has identified several methods used by sexual exploitation actors to gain access to victims' accounts.
Password and PIN Targeting
In password/PIN targeting, actors use high-volume password and PIN attempts against social media and personal accounts. The information used in these attempts can come from data leak sites, social media and open-source information.
When victims are known to the actors, curated lists may include personal details such as names, date of birth or variations of those details.
Social Media Customer Service Impersonation
Another tactic involves social media customer service impersonation through text messages. Victims may receive messages claiming their account is being disabled or locked unless they provide a verification code.
The actor then requests a password reset, causing a code to be sent to the victim. If the victim shares the code, the actor can reset the password and access the account.
Phishing Emails
The FBI also warns about phishing campaigns using look-alike domains and email accounts designed to appear as social media customer support.
These messages may claim there has been a new login and contain an embedded link asking the victim to change their password. Clicking the malicious link can give the actor access to the account.
Stolen Content Can Lead to Further Attacks
Once explicit content is stolen, sexual exploitation actors may post or sell it while including personal information about the victim. The FBI said victims can subsequently face harassment, sextortion, stalking or other targeted attacks.
The actors may also advertise stolen content through a victim's own social media page, increasing the potential for further exposure.
FBI Shares Steps to Protect Accounts
The FBI advises people to avoid storing sensitive images or videos on social media platforms or other internet-accessible sites.
It recommends using unique, complex passphrases and PINs along with multi-factor authentication (MFA). Password information directly associated with a person's identity, including names or birthdays, should be avoided.
Users should also be cautious with links received through emails and text messages. The FBI recommends going directly to the relevant website to address account concerns and checking URLs before clicking.
Unrequested temporary passwords, PIN resets or access codes should also be treated with caution. The FBI advises users not to share login information, even when someone claims to represent a platform or service.
People who believe their explicit content was stolen or leaked can provide information through the FBI's NCII reporting site. The FBI also advises the public to continue reporting fraud, scams and cyber threats to the Internet Crime Complaint Center or a local FBI Field Office.
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