List Comprehension
List comprehension offers a shorter syntax when you want to create a new list based on the values of an existing list. (refer-https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_lists_comprehension.asp)
Example:1
Method:1
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "kiwi", "mango"]
newlist = []
for x in fruits:
if "a" in x:
newlist.append(x)
print(newlist)
Method:2(comprehensive)
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "kiwi", "mango"]
newlist = [x for x in fruits if "a" in x]
print(newlist)
Output:
['apple', 'banana', 'mango']
Example:2
l = [10,20,30,40]
newlist = []
#using normal loop
for num in l:
newlist.append(num**2)
print(newlist)
#using loop in comprehensive way
newlist = [num**2 for num in l]
print(newlist)
Output:
[100, 400, 900, 1600]
[100, 400, 900, 1600]
Exercise:
1.Find similar numbers from 2 lists and different numbers from the same 2 lists.
l1 = [10,20,30,40]
l2 = [30,40,50,60]
Get this output:
a) 30,40
#30,40
l1 = [10,20,30,40]
l2 = [30,40,50,60]
#normal method
for num in l1:
for no in l2:
if num== no:
print(num,end=' ')
#comprehensive
print([num for num in l1 for no in l2 if num==no])
output:
[30, 40]
b) 10,20,50,60
l1 = [10,20,30,40]
l2 = [30,40,50,60]
#comprehensive
output = [num for num in l1 if num not in l2]
output = output + [num for num in l2 if num not in l1]
print(output)
#normal method
for num in l1:
if num not in l2:
print(num,end=' ')
for num in l2:
if num not in l1:
print(num,end=' ')
Output:
[10, 20, 50, 60]
10 20 50 60
2. Find program for the given output in comprehensive approach
l1 = [1,2,3]
l2 = [5,6,7]
Output:[(1, 5), (1, 6), (1, 7), (2, 5), (2, 6), (2, 7), (3, 5), (3, 6), (3, 7)]
l1 = [1,2,3]
l2 = [5,6,7]
l = [(i,j) for i in l1 for j in l2 if i!=j]
print(l)
Output:
[(1, 5), (1, 6), (1, 7), (2, 5), (2, 6), (2, 7), (3, 5), (3, 6), (3, 7)]
3. Find program for the given output:
s = "a1b2c3"
output: abc123
Method:1
s = "a1b2c3"
alpha_list = []
num_list = []
for letter in s:
if letter.isalpha():
alpha_list.append(letter)
else:
num_list.append(letter)
print("".join(alpha_list+num_list))
Method:2
s = "a1b2c3"
letter=''.join([i for i in s if i.isalpha()])
no=''.join([i for i in s if i.isdigit()])
print(letter+no)
Output:
abc123
4. Find program for the given output:
s = "a4k3b2"
output: aeknbd
s = "a4k3b2"
i = 0
while i<len(s):
first = s[i]
second = int(s[i+1])
print(first, chr(ord(first)+second),sep='',end='')
i+=2
Output:
aeknbd
Explanation:
-->The ASCII value of first is obtained using ord(first), and second is added to it to find the new character.
-->ord() used to find ASCII value.
-->chr() converts ASCII value-->character.
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