Strings have many built-in methods for common tasks. These methods return new strings and do not change the original.
Basic methods for changing case
CODE
text = "hello python"
print(text.upper()) # HELLO PYTHON
print(text.lower()) # hello python
print(text.title()) # Hello Python
print(text.capitalize()) # Hello python
Removing whitespace
CODE
messy = " hello "
print(messy.strip()) # "hello"
print(messy.lstrip()) # "hello "
print(messy.rstrip()) # " hello"
Finding and replacing
CODE
sentence = "I like cats and cats like me"
print(sentence.find("cats")) # 7 (first position)
print(sentence.replace("cats", "dogs")) # I like dogs and dogs like me
Checking content
CODE
email = "[email protected]"
print(email.startswith("user")) # True
print(email.endswith(".com")) # True
print("123".isdigit()) # True
print("abc".isalpha()) # True
Splitting and joining
CODE
words = "apple,banana,cherry"
word_list = words.split(",")
print(word_list) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
new_string = "-".join(word_list)
print(new_string) # apple-banana-cherry
Simple examples
Clean user input:
CODE
name = " Alice "
clean_name = name.strip().title()
print(clean_name) # Alice
Count occurrences (use count method):
CODE
text = "hello hello world"
print(text.count("hello")) # 2
Quick summary
- Methods like
.upper(),.lower(),.strip()for formatting.
.find(),.replace()for searching and changing.
.startswith(),.endswith(),.isdigit()for checks.
.split()and.join()for lists and strings.
Practice common string methods on text. They are essential for cleaning and processing strings in Python programs.
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